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Formative evaluation of instructional materials is conducted to determine the effectiveness of the materials and to revise them in areas where they are ineffective. Formative evaluations should be conducted on newly developed materials as well as existing materials that are selected based on the instructional strategy. Evaluations are neccessary for both mediated- and instructor-presented materials. The evaluation should be designed to produce data to pinpoint specific areas where the instruction is faulty and suggest how it should be revised. " (Dick, Carey, & Carey, 2009).
Summative evaluations are conducted to make decisions about whether to maintain, adopt, or adapt instruction. The primary evaluator in a summative evaluation is rarely the designer or the developer of the instruction; the evaluator is frequently unfamiliar with the materials, the organaization requesting the evaluation, or the setting in which the materials are evaluated. Such evaluators are referred to as external evaluators; these evaluators are preferred for summative evaluations because they have no personal investment in the instruction and are likely to be more objective about the strengths and weaknesses of the instruction" (Dick, Carey, & Carey, 2009).
Assess Needs
to identify
Goals
Conduct
Instructional
Analysis
Analyze
Learners &
Contexts
Write
Performance Objectives
Develop
Assessment
Instruments
Develop
Instructional Strategy
Develop & Select
Instructional Materials
Design & Conduct
Formative Eval of instruction
Design & Conduct
Summative Eval of instruction
Revise
Instruction
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